Van gogh starry night Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Van van Gogh starry night - Essay ExampleVan Gogh was actually on his sick ass in Saint-Remy, France when he did this start and this has led some people to argue that the Starry Night was ground on Van Goghs comment of the sky over Saint-Remy (Whitney, 1986). If this was the case, Saint-Remy must have been a very beautiful sight to behold during the period that Van Gogh made this intelligent observation as the case may be. But this argument cannot be said to be plausible as the objects in the painting that is involved in the Starry Night suggests a deep sense of creativity. It could be seen from Van Goghs Starry Night, that he had a very good knowledge in astronomy as he used his depth of knowledge in the field to give a picturesque view of the night sky. The painting portrays the immensity of the universe through the level of order in the midst of the petite town and the vast night sky. The fact that Van Gogh died a year afterwards this great painting indicates that there were many things on the mind of this artist during the period that he did the work (Soth, 1986). The complexity in the panting also indicates the complex lifestyle of Van Gogh.

Economic Report for United Arab of Emirate (UAE) Essay

Economic Report for fall in Arab of Emirate (UAE) - Essay ExampleThe spacious fossil oil consumption in UAE has enabled it to reduce the usual lengthy and difficult process of accumulating capital as well as saving towards developing any saving. The enormous endowment of the natural resources, particularly exploitable oil and bobble in the UAE have led to quick development of resource based industries (RBI), which has led to system development. The strategies that have emerged are industrial strategies that are geared at elevating the utilization of natural resources. Additionally, the UAE have deployed the hearty occasion of windfall income that has enabled it to achieve magnificent economic development, particularly with the period between 1973 and 1982. This period was marked with blue economic development of the UAE countries and it as well marked the period of relatively high oil and gas prices. Before the discovery and exploitation of natural oil and gas in the UAE, th e UAE nations depended majorly on subsistence agriculture, animal husbandry, downslope and trading on pearls, seafaring, and fishing (Abed and Peter 11). Therefore, before the discovery of oil in the UAE, the UAE nations depended on extra natural resources that only made them have a subsistence economy. The first development of the UAE economy started in the earlyish 1970s, and it was referred to the UAEs First Development Decade. ... It is worth noting that, since 1973, UAE nations have enjoyed expedite policy-making stability. The established formal political institution of the 1971 seems suitable for the existing tribal UAE society. Additionally, this political society has boosted the UAE economy by supporting an distend distribution of oil revenues in social and economic infrastructure forms, averagely high salaries, highly standardized social services including education, and social services that have since so raised the living standard of the inhabitants of UAE (El 74). Moreover, the UAE community has since then enjoyed a reduced likelihood of the occurrence of social and political unrest. In fact, since the formation of the state, the UAE government has hold a high degree or ethical record pertaining to human rights thereby, promoting political and social stability (International Monetary Fund 24). The UAE has actively become a member of numerous regional and external associations including the United Nations, Arab league, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Islamic Conference Organization, and the Arab Gulf Cooperation. The relationship that the UAE have built with many countries in the world, especially those inside the West have been naturally warm. Usually, political and social stability goes hand in hand with the self-reliance in trade policies (International Monetary Fund 162). This notion has paved way for both domestic and international investment in the UAEs industrial sector by other nations of the world thus, improving the economy of UAE. The united states of Arab are blessed with the enormous oil reserves that are located both at onshore and off shore. In addition, UAE enjoys production of gas that is associated with the crude oil production. Furthermore, UAE

Code Of Ethic Compliance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Code Of Ethic Compliance - Essay utilisationForced It does not work.A peaceful mind is the first requisite in any endeavor. The intention of the mind is to wander. The mind has to be kept under intellectual supervision but that is possible altogether through inducing the right assessment of priorities. Mind reacts to the stimuli from the world, and responds accordingly, but a preoccupied mind leads to a confused response. The first priority of instructor should be to enhance mind concentration or availability to draw the attention totally and completely.Where is the room of any doubt for the one who is convinced that the task is at bottom his capacity This should be the essence of very education. A conducive environment must be created by the educator to build high self confidence and high self esteem within students. status makes the difference. The educator should become a source of positive attitude for the students. Louis A. Berman said A good teacher is a master of simplif ication and an enemy of simplism. A educator must promote simple bread and butter but high thinking attitude. This greatly helps in intellectual development which in turn depart do.According to William Arthur Ward The mediocre teacher tells. The good teacher explains. The superior teacher demonstrates. The great teacher inspires. An educator has to lead by example. One has to act than to lecture.

See below Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

hit below - Essay Exampledequacy in addressing the socio-cultural, political as intumesce as religious concerns in the belief that learning English entailed adopting the western culture and social practices, and the fear that the predominance of English could stir to be detrimental to the mother tongue of the home country.The framework deals with the problems and prejudice by focusing on the English vocabulary alone and delinking it from the western culture or customs. In fact, it goes a step and and reiterates in no uncertain terms that English has now firmly entrenched universally as a global language, making way for pronunciation of English words and sentences clearly and distinctly in the local phonetics rather than emphasize on the European or American accent, and also makes a subject for the desirability of synthesizing the language with the local phonemes. This serves to give special status to the culture as well as the language by branding it as Korean English, Nigerian English, and so forth.Language teaching came into its proclaim as a profession in the last century. Central to this process was the emergence of the concept of systems of language teaching. The method concept in language teaching-the notion of a systematic set of teaching practices establish on a particular theory of language and language learning-is a powerful one, and the quest for wagerer methods preoccupied teachers and utilize linguists throughout the 20th century.That search was not only for better methods but ideally a single method generalized across widely varying audiences, that would successfully teach students a foreign language in the classroom. People have approached language learning in many ship canal over the years. The self directed language learner or language teacher may well ask What approach should I use? Such a person might ask What method should I use ? Whats the difference between an approach, a technique and a method ?In 1963, applied linguist Edward Anthony defined the terms

Critically discuss why technology is important within the operations Essay

Critically discuss why applied science is important within the operations field of operations but that its effectuation is problematic - Essay ExampleIn this manner the application of CIM makes strategic management more effective. Therefore its importance in the operations domain can non be questioned. However the expectations from technology are not always realized because of the lack of end-user involvement which makes implementation problematic. If the end-users are not compound in the implementation cycle, then the finished software may not address all the operational processes as required. Since the end-users are directly responsible for the operational processes, they should be involved in the implementation cycle in order to ensure that the technology is integrated into the operations purlieu in the right way. However facilitating end-user involvement may not always be possible. An important component part of the implementation cycle is confuse management. A project man agement team consisting of qualified personnel must(prenominal) be formed in order to ensure that the implementation is strategically aligned. However the formation of the project management team is separate from the day-to-day operations of the organization. Therefore the management may not be in a position to provide the required personnel when it comes to managing the project of technology implementation.

Philosphy research paper Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Philosphy paper - Research Proposal ExampleThese dickens prominent enlightenment philosophers argon chosen for several reasons. First, Locke is believed to be the precursor of American values because his naturalist ethics was the philosophical basis of the Declaration of Independence of which this country was built. Hume on the other hand is selected because of his ethical concept of what to be or what is the ideal as contained in his famous work A Treatise of clement Nature. He is also naturalistic just like Locke and such(prenominal), would make a good fountain whether their ethical theories be still valid today. It is important to examine the validity of their theories because modern ethical theories are built on their philosophical theories. If proven otherwise, it would imply that current literature about ethics allow for fall on academic musing that does not hold validity in real world. If they are, accordingly the works of this philosophers should be made more familiar to the modern student.As a starting occlusion of research about the related literature of the topic, it would be appropriate to begin with David Humes A Treatise of tender Nature which was published in 1739. It would also be appropriate to examine in detail the circumscribe of the Declaration of Independence on how closely it relates to Lockes ethical theory and whether modern Americal values are still consistent with that perspective of morality. In the process, several literature related with the subject shall be considered such as the works cited below which more than adequately explain the ethical theories of Hume and

Tiananmen Square Massacre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Tiananmen Square Massacre - Essay Examplebecause of his people-oriented policies. But, later on in life, he was forced to resign, without any clear causes. Initi entirelyy, people began to cooperate in Tiananmen Square to regret Hu Yaobang and attend his funeral. However, their sorrow soon turned to rage against the disposal as they started to wonder why he really was forced to resign and to demand more civil liberties. In late April 1989, hundreds of thousands protesters, mostly students, wielding placards and banners, began to gather at Tiananmen Square. In addition to Hu Yaobangs death, the protesters chose this time for their demonstrations because Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev would be visiting, and the attention of the world media would be on China2. As such, leaders were instantly chosen, and a series of dialogues were set up with the government, however, these were mostly unsuccessful. The protesters were largely peaceful, entirely a few minor scuffles with police, re sulting in injuries, were reported Soon, the students were joined by people from all walks of life-people who were looking for reforms in the government--teachers, doctors, factory workers, judges, and even some police officers and soldiers. Thousands of tents were enacted as they were intending to stay in the straightforward for several days. Unhappy with the proceedings, the government resorted to cutting off the water supply to the square in an prove to make the students disperse, but the protesters simply brought in water from other sources in Beijing. They engaged in dialogues with the government, but when the government, at first, refused to comply with their demands for democracy, they decided to go on a hunger strike-the goal was to force the government to cooperate with the protesters, or face thousands...Journal Title World Affairs. Volume 152. Issue 3. Publication Year 1989. rogue Number 148.This is a very useful journal on the hunger strike. It contains detailed accou nt of the routine of the hunger strike, and as such, quite useful for anyone who wishes to know the ultimate motives of the agitators.

Critical Comparison between Questionnaires and Focus Groups Essay

Critical par between Questionnaires and Focus Groups - Essay ExampleThis question will begin with the definition of enquiry as a systematic or scientific way of searching for knowledge. Research provides answers to questions by uncovering cabalistic truths. An separate groundwork conduct a enquiry to familiarise with a certain phenomenon or escort new insights on a familiar phenomenon. Research can to a fault be conducted to test formulate hypothesis on a phenomenon or describe the characteristics of the object under study. Therefore, the kind of seek commence that an individual utilises is based on the purpose and objective of the research. Research can be categorised in many ways. One such way is descriptive versus analytical research. Descriptive research is conducted to investigate mingled aspects of a phenomenon. A researcher in this slickness aims at finding out facts about research objects. It may include surveys and enquires on the current situation in the researc hers subject of interest. In a descriptive research, the researcher simply reports facts about variables. The researcher has no control of over variables and cannot elude them in the study. Therefore, the researcher gives a description of variables as they exist in their natural environment. Descriptive research is useful in measuring objects. In this kind of research, different methods atomic number 18 used depending on the temperament of the study and the researchers preferences. Comparative and correlation research methods are used in descriptive research. Analytical research involves using the facts collected on a phenomenon to evaluate that phenomenon. Therefore, the researcher does not sightly gather facts about research objects but also uses those facts to analyse or make judgements about the objects under study (Kumar 2008, p. 6 Kothari 2008, p.2). Research can also be categorised as fundamental or employ research. Applied research differs from fundamental research in that it seeks to provide an immediate solution to an living problem. Fundamental research will generalise a problem and develop theories of how the problem began or how it can be solved. Thus, multiple solutions may be generated and analysed in fundamental research but the researcher gives his or her recommendation on the ideal solutions. Fundamental research is often referred to as basic research because an individual gathers facts for the sake of adding to their level of knowledge. Applied research is conclusive and provides solutions to research questions or actual problems in the area of study. Therefore, basic or fundamental research adds to the existing body of scientific knowledge while applied research provides solutions to problems (Ethridge 2004, p. 20). Research can be categorised as conceptual or empirical. Conceptual research is based on theories and is used to develop new concepts about a phenomenon. This research can also be used to reinforce or interpret existing co ncepts and theories. Empirical research does not dole out the existing theories but relies on observation. This type of research is based on data collected and conclusions are drawn based on observations. Empirical research is experimental and a researcher collects firsthand training on phenomenon. The research may manipulate things in an environment to achieve the desired results. Empirical research in most cases starts with a hypothesis or expected results from an experiment. The data collected in this case will be used to test hypothesis. Empirical research is used to describe relationships between two or more variables (Kumar 2008, p. 8 Burns 1992, p. 195). Research can be categorised as all quantitative or qualitative. This is the most common categorisation of research. Quantitative research is based on measurable variables. The main objective in quantitative research is to generalise collected data. Qualitative research focuses on collecting information on immeasurable va riables such as human behaviour, emotions and feelings among

Assignment 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Assignment 2 - Essay ExampleRight from the time of birth up to maturity, nation anticipate to have some(prenominal) sense of love and belonging. Relationships make people to feel in place. Relationships make people happy and respect their life worth living. However, it is the same relationships that cause adjudicate for most people. Relationships are major and common causes of stress for many individuals, especially when the relationships turn sour. People frequently undergo relationship problems such as, but non limited to infidelity. Relationships between spouses, peers, friends, employees and any other form of social systems, are commonly characterized by conflicts. disrespect the fact that relationship problems are the most prevalent, many people are oblivious of the causes of the problems. It is this lack of all-encompassing understanding of the causes and nature of conflicts in relationships that causes stress for many individuals. In most occasions, problems in relatio nships are associated with concealed conversations and conduct patterns buried deep within individuals. Most a good deal, people fail to recognize their roles in relationships. Further, many people are always perplexed about what they are supposed to do in recite to establish and sustain blissful, triumphant and long-lasting relationships. As they mull over how to make their relationships perfect, most people end up stressed. However, in many incidents, break ups in relationships and lack of understanding are usually what result into stress for many individuals. Relatively few people can manage their stress levels later break-ups. Instead of focusing on positive ways of dealing with their predicaments, many people are often engulfed in sulking and crying over spilt milk, which worsen their situation all together. What stresses one person may non be a problem to the other. According to mental health experts, personality contributes hugely to the manner in which people handle the ir relationships and stress. According to mental health professionals, individuals with typeface A personalities are usually impatient, determined, time-conscious and driven. These personalities if not controlled properly may lead to stress-related ill health. On the other hand, people with Type B traits prevail to be relaxed, not overly time-conscious, determined. As such, people with Type B traits often perceive things adaptively. opposed individuals with Type A traits, they can think constructively and figure out how they can resolve their situations. Generally, individuals with Type B personalities tend to be less vulnerable to stress compared to people with Type A traits (Pejuskovic et al 389). It is often noticed that women and men usually respond to stress differently. One of the reasons that have been attributed to this is hormonal exercise (Rai 52). Three hormones are believed to play a significant role in how women and men react to stress. These allow in cortisol, epi nephrine, and oxytocin. In the event of stress, cortisol and epinephrine hormones are released, which increases gunstock pressure and also increase blood sugar level of an individual. Cortisol also reduces the efficiency of an individuals immune system (Rai 52). In women, cortisol and epinephrine hormones are released into the bloodstream during a stressful event oxytocin hormone is released from the learning ability to counter the release of cortisol and epinephrine hormones. Oxytocin also plays a role in nurturing and still emotions.

Health care operations management roles and goals Essay

Health care operations management roles and goals - screen ExampleControlling is the function that monitors the progress towards the goals and taking the necessary corrective action, should the progress be dissatisfactory (Langabeer, 2007).Managers in health care operations so have to play several roles. These roles can be classified as the informational roles, the decisional roles, and the interpersonal roles. The informational role consists of collecting, monitoring and disseminating information that is garnered from internal as well as external sources relevant to the efficient functioning of the organization. The decision roles consist of making critical decisions in the organization. These decisions acknowledge the appropriate allocation of resources of the organization either in manpower, finance or materials to the disparate units in the organization. honour employees for good performance and punishing employees for poor performance, and negotiating between employees and some others in the organization. The inter personal role involves didactics and motivating employees, serving s their spokesperson, facilitating communication and the exchange of information between the various units and professional premise in a healthcare organization, and acting as a liaison between these units and professionals (Langabeer, 2007).Operations managers thus play several roles in an organization. However, it must be remembered that a health care organization differs from other organizations. Within a health care organization value is provided by personnel, who are extremely specialise in their tasks, governed by a set of professional principals and values. In other words for achieving the quality and service objectives of the organization disparate specialized professionals need to work as a team to meeting these objectives. what is more there is call for highly specialized equipment and devices in the delivery of

Pathology Assignment on Atheroscelorisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pathology Assignment on Atheroscelorisis - Essay ExampleAcute coronary syndromes and stroke can result if a ruptured atherosclerotic plaque is superimposed by thrombosis (Falk, 2006 Dugdale, 2010). Normal physiology of arteries Arteries atomic number 18 high-pressure vessels that carry squanderer to various parts of the body. A cross-section of the normal arterial contend consists of three layers outer, middle and inner layer. The middle layer or the media consists of tightly packed smooth go through cells, tissue proteins such as collagen and elastin, and proteoglycans which form gels. The inner layer or the intima consists of faintly packed cells and at that place be open spaces amidst the tissue components. The outer layer or the adventitia also consists of loose cells and bundles of collagen and connective tissues. Atherosclerosis occurs in the inner layer or the intima which is a form of connective tissue. These tissues are responsible for providing shape and structure t o the body organs. The fibrous tissue proteins such as elastin and collagen which are gratuity in between the cells give strength to the tissue. The arterial intima consists of elastin, collagen and proteoglycans which give strength to the tissue. In addition, the boundary between the arterial intima and the blood is lined by closely packed endothelial cells which prevent the cells and proteins in the blood from coming into contact with the underlying connective tissue (Atherosclerosis, n.d).

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

History - Essay ExampleThe involvement of Southern states in the adoption of the amendments of ending slavery was a light to the murkys however, they reject the 14th amendments and this incited the primary Republicans in passing Reconstruction Acts. These acts brought about division in Southern states based on their racial differences. 2. Describe the kind of violence Lucy McMillan experiences via 1871. How does this illustrate the problem of reconstruction? Lucy McMillan experiences the 1871 violence between dingys and the Whites during the reconstruction era. McMillan illustrates the problems of reconstruction as it directly affects the citizens of North and South. The problems included lack of knowledge concerning land problems by most of the black leaders who had participated in the Reconstruction this made it possible for the whites to win over them. 3. How do the Louisiana Black Codes reinstate a kind of virtual slavery in 1865? Louisiana succeeded in his deal of defend t he Blacks, his codes had significance in ending virtual slavery, and he denied the pardons involving those who had killed the African American war prisoners. Louisiana allowed apiece state in creating a new constitution, this came after taking an oath of allegiance by 10% of the total voters, through Louisianas efforts ending of discrimination of the blacks. 4. What kind of tribute does William Howard Day split up to President Lincoln? Abraham Lincoln is not connected to any religious beliefs he, however, hold a bulletproof believe that God is all-powerful. William Howard Day gave tributes to President Lincoln concerning his leadership especially during the reconstruction era. William confounded the hot seat about his act of spending money and that his leadership is not trustworthy. William also pointed out Lincolns weakness as a man full of pride and self-centeredness. CHAPTER TWO 1. Is frontier settlement scoop out understood as the story of competing ethnic, religious, and r acial groups, or is it best understood as the induct where capitalist economy left its mark? Frontier settlement is the region within a country fronting on another(prenominal) country usually neighboring country, in this settlement there are habitations. Frontier is usually a governmental and geographical region and found near a boundary. Frontier settlement being a political area can be best understood as a story involving competing ethnic, political and religious groups. 2. Was the West truly the place where Americans were most individualistic, democratic, and free, as Turner argued, or was it actually pierce with inequalities? Fredrick Jackson Turner in his thesis called Frontier or Turner Thesis stressed the self-reliance involving movement of releasing Americans from Europeans. From his thesis, it can be concluded that the west was not the place for Americans, the acquisition of the place based on the inequalities hence lacking democracy and full of individualistic. 3. One of the biggest occurrences of the 1870s was Custers Last Stand. controvert the reminiscences of the encounter. Custers Last Stand occurred in 1876, is a battle involving the most prominent act, which was pioneered by some(prenominal) leaders of war. The battle left several reminiscences among those who were involved and those who were affected. Several people killed 268 were killed, and 55 injured during the battle the battle led to displacement of hundreds of people. 4. Why did the

Business Plan for Mobile Phone Recycling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Business Plan for Mobile Phone recycle - Essay ExampleCosts and Pricing Strategy 15 9. financial Forecast 15 9.1 sales and Cost Forecast 15 9.2 Cash Flow Forecast 17 9.3 Cost Table 17 9.4 Personnel Plan 18 Works cited 19 Student Name xxxxxx Subject Management field of study Business Plan for Mobile Phone Recycling 12 April, 2013 1. Executive Summary alphabet recycle Company is a newly registered runny knells cycle organization which intends to launch its mobile phone recycle operations by setting up a new plant in the vicinity of London. The order has the perspective to enhance its areas of operations in couple of other two cities in United land during next three years. Along with financial aims, the major objective of ABC Recycle is to provide the customers with economic alternatives for the disposal of their mobile phone waste. The second objective is to keep the society free of environmental issues by disposing off waste of mobile phones. This marketing plan has been pr epared after analyzing various issues regarding the mobile phone cycle persistence in United Kingdom. ... Due to practicality, mobile phones are present universally and promptly have become the leading communication tool. However, use of mobile phone causes health hazards due to the unhealthful chemicals found on the mobile phones and their accessories. Use of mobile phone in like manner endangers different animal species in the universe. This is because the elements used in coating mobile phones are dangerous to animals and their habitats. The issue of health and endangered species is address globally by recycling the millions of mobile phones found on the planet. The continuous growing consumption of mobile phones along with the increasing cognizance of general public regarding their recycling has highlighted the need and significance of recycling industry and thus many manufacturers are coming to this segment of the business. We are going to establish our new ABC Recycle Com pany in this sector. 1.2 Business Aims The main operations of ABC Recycle Company pull up stakes be to collect the used or unserviceable mobile phones from the market and then after recycling process, making new product for reuse. Our recycled cell phones result meet the following objectives. (a) An achievable cost stiff substitute to the customers for retailing their mobile phones (b) To mitigate the impacts of waste of mobile phone on the environment 1.3 Financial Summary After the initial stage of purchasing necessary machinery and equipment, ABC Recycling Company entrust commence its recycling operations and regular sales in May. According to our financial plan, the company will invest ?2,700,000 to purchase one recycling line and one manufacturing line to set up the recycling plant and working capital. The three partners will further invest ?1500,000 along with ?800,000 long-term loans. We will also provide

History of Measurment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History of Measurment - endeavor ExampleThe Egyptians were not able to monopolize the measuring organisation. The Babylonians in like manner devised measures stemming from a cubit, though 6 mm longer than that of the Egyptians. This cubit was then divided into 30 kus, roughly equal to a digit.The earliest known decimal fraction system is the Harappan system from 2500 B.C. to 1700 B.C. Evidence suggests that they had two different series of tips. One system was based on a measurement of the Indus inch (1.32 modern inches). Since their system was based on base-10, ten Indus inches equaled 13.2 inches, the measure of a foot. The former(a) scale was discovered in the form of a bronze rod with markings of 0.367 in. 100 units of that would be 36.7 inches, approximately the length of a stride. Measurements of the Harappan ruins show that they used these measurements extremely accurately.European systems of measurement were based on the Roman system. The Romans, in turn, borrowed their m easurements from the Greeks, who had based it on the Babylonians and the Egyptians. Their base unit was the breadth of a finger. Unlike the other cultures, they only had three widely used units of measurement the finger, the foot and the Greek cubit. The Greeks also orderd weight by stabilizing the size of containers to weigh goods and by creating a standard set of measures. The Romans changed the Greek system slightly, by creating the pace, equal to five feet. Thousand paces was a Roman mile, extraordinarily close to the modern British mile. It was in 1672, that Sir Isaac Newton actually made a vital discovery about the Newton ring which actually used light to measure distances. Neither he nor the world at large mute the great implications of it, and today interferometry as it is called helps measure precise distances to within millionths of an inch or a millimeter.The french, on the other hand, used a bewildering array of measures. Standardization was a big problem since no an giotensin-converting enzyme could come to an agreement. As late as 1788 Arthur Young wrote in Travels during the years 1787, 1788, 1789 published in 1793, In France the infinite perplexity of the measures exceeds all comprehension. They differ not only in every province, but also in every district and almost every town.The English though tried to standardize as early as in the 13th century, by England issuing a royal law Assize of Weights and Measures to bring some unity. Wren had proposed a new system based on the yard delimit as the length of a pendulum beating at the rate of one second in the pillar of London. Britain and Scotland uniting ensured a better prevalence for the system but it was hard when each province precious its own system followed. In 1824, the English Parliament legalized the yard that was first proposed in 1760.In 1870 the French in Paris convened an International Conference with the aim of improving international scientific cooperation by having the calcul ated system as the worldwide standard. This resulted in seventeen nations signing up and later a fewer more nations joining in and kind of standardized the metric system.US though were influenced by the colonists who brought with different measurements from their places of origin and for a long time it was an array of measurements. In 1821 John Quincy Adam for the first someone to propose to the

Lesson plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Lesson plan - Assignment ExampleMy lesson plan is divided into different levels of nurture aims at impressive and continual instinct of chemistry thereby making every student to develop the subject understanding continually. Grouping of students deliberately allows them to share skills they have learnt. Notably, students have different levels of understanding therefore, sharing leant knowledge and skills pass on facilitate a deeper understanding of the subject.Properly developed lesson plan also provides self-regulation towards developing decision-making interventions as learning strategies. Effective strategies should ensure that consistency successful learning process. However, the early stages in learning new topic, novices frequently provide limited learning strategies (Teacher Created Resources, Inc., 2006). In such cases, a well-planned lesson plan must provide diverse strategies. In handling this matter, my lesson plan has deployed different way of explaining factors of the experiment including the occasion of examples.Finally, my lesson plan employs or incorporates the use of deliberate habituate to ensure that students concentrate during the learning process. This process ensures that learning is monitored, and feedbacks are provided during the learning practice (Teacher Created Resources, Inc., 2006). My lesson plan has incorporated the use of deliberate practice using the graffiti walls. The pre-assessment graffiti wall lead allow students to expose what they have learned during the lesson while the post graffiti assessment shall assess the concord to their level of performance and proficiency. In additional, these assessments will enable me to evaluate students and help them address their

Independence of the judiciary in Australia Essay Example for Free

Independence of the bench in Australia EssayTo understand the expression the independency of the judiciary you first must understand what is meant my judiciary. The judicature isThe discriminative power of the commonwealth shall be vested in a national Supreme Court, to be called the blue Court of Australia, and in such new(prenominal) federal courts as the fan tan creates, and in such other courts as it invests with federal jurisdiction. The High Court shall brood of a chief justice and so many other justices, not less than two, as the parliament describes. Using this definition contained in the Australian validation, the expression the freedom of the judiciary to my understanding refers only to liberty in making decisions in court compositors cases. It means that in making such decisions a seek must be individually self-supporting and free from pressures which could influence a judge in arrival a decision in a case other then by intellect and moral sense based on a genuine assessment of the evidence and an honest diligence of the law .The license of the judiciary excessively incorporates that the judiciary is totally isolated from the other branches of the government these branches being the executive and legislative arms which make up the time interval of powers as outlined in the Australian Constitution. Judicial emancipation is of the ut approximately importance to our juridical system, and to our system of government, because without juridical independence they become useless institutions. The importance of an independent judiciary is to maintain the rule of law, the rule of law being the principle that no member of edict is above the law, e genuinely member of society is bound by the law, and everyone is equal before the law.The International pledge on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) states the fundamental rights that every human being is entitled to and includes rights referred to in the section, adjectival Guarantees i n Civil and Criminal Trials . Article 14 (1) statesAll persons shall be equal before the courts and motor inns. In the determination of any criminal charge against him, or of his rights and obligations in a suit at law, everyone shall be entitled to a fair and public hearing by a competent, independent and impartialtribunal established by lawThe appointment of a judicial branch of government, as outlined in the Australian Constitution and the guarantee that it is completely separate and independent of the other branches, represents the main way by which most states seek to adhere with the principles contained in the previously stated provision of the ICCPR.As Sir Anthony Mason saidThe separation of judicial power is not only protection against the exercise of arbitrary power, but it also assists in maintaining the independence of the judiciary and contributes to public confidence in the administration of justice.This statement highlights the importance in ensuring that the judicial power remains separate to ensure that the public hind end have confidence in the application of the judicial process. Public perception of judicial impartiality is the essence of judicial independence.The independence of the judiciary can be threatened in Australia because total separation of the judicial power is near impossible in the real world. In many countries, including Australia, the Executive Government appoints judges and. this may be seen to threaten the independence of the judiciary.The executive can affect the judicial through the manner in which it seeks to exercise its power of judicial appointments. By exercising this power the executive can shape the future directions in judicial interpretation, in particular by a court which has the task of constitutional interpretation, such as the High Court of Australia. This was seen in the request of Deputy Prime Minister Tim Fischer for appointment of Capital C conservative judges in the wake of the Wik decision.The Consti tution says that the separation of power is divided between the three arms of government so there can be a system of checks and balances in place to ensure the power of the other two is being exercised in concord with their outlined role. But can we really have a complete separation of power, when the Prime Minister works within the Executive and Judicial arms of government. save the independence of the judiciary is put to the test when it comes to judges being guided by their understanding of the law, the facts of the case and the pull of conscience to a judgement which is opposed to what the other branches of the government may want.As Kirby CJ highlighted the High Court of Australia has on a issuing of occasions, over the past 100 years upheld the Constitution and has do judgements which have gone against the principles of the elected Governments and Parliaments. In 1948 it struck down the nationalisation of the private banks . In 1951, it tell unconstitutional an attempt to dissolve the communist party and to deprive communists of basic rights . In 1992 it overturned often earlier law to uphold the rights of Australias indigenous people in their land .In 1996 it held that such rights were not necessarily extinguished by the grant of pastoral leases which cover about half of the land of the Australian continent . These court decisions show that judicial independence has not been threatened in Australia over the get 100 years. The above decisions would be highly unlikely in a country where judicial independence was not guaranteed by the letter of the Constitution.A Privy Council case which dealt with separation of arbitrary and judicial powers was the Boilmakers brass (1956) . The High Court held that it was unconstitutional for the Commonwealth Court of placation and Arbitration to be vested with both arbitrational and judicial powers because of the acceptance in the Constitution of the separation of legislative and judicial powers .As a result, the Conciliation and Arbitration Act 1904 was amended to establish two separate bodies.From 15 August 1955 to 2 attest 1956 a Full Court of the High Court of Australia, heard an application by the Boilermakers Society for a writ of prohibition on the grounds that the exercise of the earlier orders was . . . contrary and repugnant to the provisions of the Constitution of the Commonwealth and, in particular, Chap. ternion thereof.The application wasupheld by a majority of the Court. The decision was also confirm in an appeal to the Privy Council.This case set a precedent that the Parliament cannot invest Ch III courts and/or judges with non-judicial power, which further instates that independence of the judiciary within Australia.A further Case which also highlights that the independence of the judiciary is not threatened in Australia is the case Brandy v Human Rights and Equal hazard Commission (HREOC) 1995 . This case reinforced that the HREOC was not originally given the power or actority to implement its judgements, as it was not a court in accordance with Ch III of the Australian Constitution. If the judgement was to be legally enforced upon the respondent then the matter would have to be heard in the Federal Court.The court held that it was an invalid exercise of judicial powers by the HREOC, which highlights that the independence of the judiciary is being upheld within Australia.Sir Ninian Stephen observed that an independent judiciary, although formidable protector of individual liberty is at the same time a very venerable institution, a fragile bastion indeed . In 1989 he was of the view that judicial independence was still flourishing in Australia. A year later, Sir Daryl Dawson was confident that it was alive and well.Judicial independence does not mean that judges atomic number 18 not accountable for their decisions and judgements. Judges are just as accountable as the executive and legislative arms of government just in a different way.This was highlighted in a paper prepared in 1998 for the New South Wales Parliament on Judicial Accountability, the author noted that Australia has important procedures operating to make the judiciary accountable to the community, these procedures are informal measures judges are obliged to hear argument from both parties judges are obliged to conduct hearings in public, which makes them more(prenominal) accountable judges must give reasons fortheir decisions and their judgements are subject to appeal.There are a number of ways in which the independence of the judiciary is maintained within Australia. These include, most significantly, the provisions in the Australian Constitution guaranteeing security of tenure and fixed remuneration for federal judges and magistrates.Chapter III of the Constitution outlines in s72 that(i)shall be appointed by the Governor- General in Council(ii)Shall not be removed except by the Governor- General in Council on an address from both Houses of the Parliamen t in the same session, praying for such removal on the ground of be misbehaviour or incapacity.(iii)Shall receive such remuneration as the fantan may fix but the remuneration shall not be dismissed during their continuance in office.These protections are intended to ensure members of the judiciary may carry out their functions without fear or favour, in accordance with their oath of office.To further cement its independence in relation to the Government and in relation to Parliament S 71 of the Constitution which states shall be vested means that the High Court cannot be eliminated by Parliament. character 72(ii) means that the Government cannot remove a judge except by persuading Parliament that there is proved misbehaviour or incapacity. Section 72(iii) is to make sure that the Government or Parliament cannot punish a judge financially for decisions it does not like.The independence of the judiciary is necessary to the rule of law, to ensure that the Government itself acts in a ccordance with the law.For the Independence of the judiciary to remain strong within Australia public confidence is essential. It is important that the judiciary be, and be seen to be independent. From the cases above and decisions made by the High Court it can be seen that judicial independence is still flourishingwithin Australia and will continue to flourish if the judiciary can underwrite and preserve the confidence of the public.Bibiliography1. Journal Articles/Books/ReportsBooks-Elizabeth Ellis, Principles and Practice of Australian Law (2nd Edition 2009)-Enid Campbell and H.P Lee, The Australian work bench-Christopher Enright, Federal administrative Law2. Cases- R v Kirby Ex parte Boilermakers Society of Australia (1955-56) 94 CLR 254- Wik Peoples v Queensland (1996) 187 CLR 1- Bank of New South Wales v The Commonwealth (1948) 76 CLR 1- Australian Communist Party v The Commonwealth (1951) 83 CLR 1- Mabo v Queensland No 2 (1992) clxxv CLR 1- Brandy v HREOC 1995 183 CLR 245 1 27 ALR 13. Legislation- International Convention on Civil and Political Rights, Art 14- The Australian Constitution4. Other- gutter Kilcillen, The Australian constitution First Reading Macquarie University 2004- Kirby, Michael Justice, International Bar Association Human Rights Institute, Independence of the Judiciary 12-14th June 1998- A Lamer, The Rule of Law and Judicial Independence Protecting Core Values in measure of Change (1996) 25 Monash University Law Review 209- General Jeffer Michael, The Opening of the Judicial Conference of Australia Colloquium, 6th October 2006

The role of a school leader during an era of high stakes accountability Essay Example for Free

The role of a shoal leader during an era of high stakes accountability EssayNo doubt, the definition of the role of a civilize leader is has over generated debate amongst educationalist in America. This has left principals with the same questions. What is expected of them from the p atomic number 18nts, students and their teachers? In this era of take oriented age, visionary leadinghip is an undisputed ingredient in the effective track of any organization especi all toldy a educational establishment like the school. This is wherefore the governments have demo interest in the development of programs, trainings and empowerment seminars for educators. The significant roles played by these set of people in the development of the nation can be left alone in their hands because they are producing the leaders of tomorrow that volition develop the nation. This is why high quality and qualitative pedigree is required in handling of schools and educational organizations. The pers on of a school leader must understand that leadership is not about the title but the responsibility and the achievement of their objectives.The nonstarter of any ward has been linked to the leadership and leader of the school. Parents do not ask themselves the same questions but they demand answers from their childs school leader. This signify the enormous task attached to the position of the school leader as a failure on his /her path leave alone lead to the poor quality of the academic results which further leads to withdrawal of wards by parents and without mincing words it will lead to the closure of the school.On the other side of it, even in business leadership error leads to the get it of such company while effective leadership will generate improvement of the company. An example is former Ceo, of GE, Jack Welch.The world is moving fast and responsibility are been shifted the to the leaders whom they believe should not fail in discharging their responsibility for durabili ty.One of the important roles of the leader in this era of high accountability is effective communication. The ability of the principal to communicate between the important personalities will increase his/her chances of productiveness as a break down of communication will lead to the collapse of the school. The leadership style employed will hence the accountability simply because it will be a transparent administration. This will give room for broad base participation in the administration. Without this the role of creating effectiveness will be grounded as leadership is all about influence and not the post you hold. adroit stimulation has an important role of principal during this period as they are to encourage and work on the intellectual development of their students whose parents will be busy and have no time for them at home. work expectation and achieving the expectation have won the heart of parents, educators and even the government as tends to put smiles on the faces of t heir parents. Every average American parent has less than 5 hours for their children making their educational success in the hands of their teachers in school.No doubt the role of school leaders are constantly ever-changing as they are also to serve in the capacity of parents, advisors and counselors to their students who may have difficulty in their studies or emotional issues that are afraid to discuss with their parent at home.In America today, brio has changed and school leaders have gradually taken the important role of foster parent to their students towards productivity as they are the only person to be held responsible for whatsoever happens to organization.In conclusion, leaders are men who are always held responsible for whatsoever happens to their organizations either good or bad. This is the reason why they accountable for every single that happens within their school. Some leaders have suffered as a result of this while others have been praised.ReferenceMulford Bill. C hanging roles and impact on school effectiveness. oecd.orgLinda lambath. Leadership at all schools nsdc.org webpageBy Larry Lashway. Role of the School Leader Revised July 2003. College of Education University of Oregon.Colin Powell. The art of leadershipMichael Fullan. The Moral domineering of School Leadership

Radiation Therapy Essay Example for Free

beam of light Therapy EssayABSTRACT radioactivity Therapy straight delegacy enjoys its pose as a healing(predicate) and an adjuvant therapy among the crab lo theatrical role uncomplaining roles and exemplars. The use of radi new(prenominal)apy is a truly(prenominal) serious conclude which is taken after much thought round the longanimouss case and requires much cooperation from the persevering and support from the oncology squad that departs it. Current oncology aggroups bend together to create an purlieu which is both(prenominal) friendly for the diligent as well as less confusing, so that the patient is able to go through the var. of intercession with reveal whatever complications. Each person in the radiology team takes c atomic number 18 of a partitionicular aspect of shaft lotment, and together they match a good resultant and result for the patient.THE ROLE OF RADIATION THERAPY IN CANCER MANAGEMENT Of the umteen methods use in right aways genus crabmeat sermon regimes, shaft of light therapy has bring ane of the crucial comp unrivallednts of the therapy. The therapy where ray of light rays ar used to destroy malignant neop furthermostic dis still booths has promptly become an advanced field of research and development. This atomic number 18a has now become a separate argona of specialization, and various developments argon aiding doctors give better scene to their patients. payable to minimized anxiety attacks among patients, they become more optimistic around convalescence and argon less distress on the possibility of death. Patients of this kind of therapy have better psychological wellness and have less depressive symptoms exercised by their disease. ray of light therapy is not required to all genus Cancer patients. It is not always involved in the attention of all organs and frame sites affected by natescer cells. This treatment is only recommended on authoritative types of cancer as other situations only call for surgical procedures in preventing further cancer metastasis and to elapse cancer cells in the body. An central adjuvant to cancer therapy, it is used as an alternative to surgical procedures that cannot be carried out on a patient. Radiation therapy is a common procedure in breast and lung cancers as well as in brain cancer, colorectal carcinomas and skin cancers of the face. (Florida cancer C atomic number 18 News, 2006) In the USA, the principal(prenominal) issue of debate and concern among the clinicians is the poorer prognosis rates in the USA patients delinquent to cancer when comp atomic number 18d to other countries of Europe. This has been attributed to the type of foreboding disposed(p) in each(prenominal) country, and has led to rootage-and-guts concentration on methods that purify recovery outcomes. These concerns have led to five areas of intense activity in the area of cancer therapy, as stated by Tattersall and Thomas, (1999). Ther e are now multidisciplinary teams that specialize in one or devil specific organs and provide treatment and bring off to those specific cancer patients. There have been change magnitude bms to improve the organizational setup of the cancer therapy and delivery setups. Clearer treatment goals now exist, along with increased sentiency in the public about the contrary aspects of cancer, cancer therapy and the role of trials in the development of better alternatives and cures for the future. at a time current research is aiming to derive benefits from matrix metallo proteinase inhibitors, gene therapies and cancer vaccines. (Tattersal and Thomas, 1999) All these areas of activity are hoped to increase the patient outcomes planetary houseificantly in the future and table service in creating better alternative solutions to cancer treatments.Team Members in Radiation Therapy Treatment Plans The advancements in this field have led to increase in the number of master keys in this field. Each has a unique and an historic role to play in the treatment procedure. The radioactivity therapists mainly work in conjunction with the medical doctor and with them discuss the individual cases that are considered for ir shaft of light therapy therapy. Of these the suitable cases are selected and the radiation therapy treatment is then started under the guidance of the radiation oncologist The decision making influence in radiation therapy is absolutely critical, as the radiation oncologist decides the amount and intensity of the venereal infection each patient will get according to the individual factors and more keyly the state of the cancer. A radiation department in any organization will consist of multiple workers and members, each having a significant role to play in the treatment of the patient. These acknowledge the clinical oncologists or radiologists, the radiographers, radiation therapists and the dosimetrists, the physicist, the act room technician s, the nurse staff, the students and the R.T aides and assistants and other members such as well-disposed workers, mitigative headache team, counselors, and secretaries and clerical staffs. (Cancer Backup, 2005 and American golf club of Radiologic Technologists, 2007). Stimulation is the initial step in the radiation treatment where a radiation therapist takes x-ray images and utilize this to locate the tumour. Other methods such as CT scans can in like manner be used in order to minimize tissue damage in the patient, ensuring that only the carcinogenic cells are destroyed.Together with a radiation oncologist and a dosimetrist, they customize a treatment fancy for the patient (Radiation Therapists 2006). Both clinical oncologists and radiologists are concerned with stripped invasive methods in treating cancer cases. According to the purple College of Radiologists (2007), radiologists are medical specialists that conduct imaging services in order to provide patients the straitlaced diagnosis. Oncologists on the other hand are specialists trained to manage cancer in non-surgical forms of treatment.They usually recommend procedures such as chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and radioactive isotopes. After taking the image of the affected organ of the body, this is to be interpreted by another specialist in order to prescribe and execute the proper treatment. This is a task take to hearted by professionals called radiographers (Radiography and Radiographers). Dosimetrists are primarily concerned on the proper dosage to be administered to a patient. They scan patients and use CT data or other measurements in order to provide patients the proper treatment plan (Medical Dosimetrists, 2004). The members of the radiation team that are outside of the department faculty but succor in the procedures include the referring faculties, physicians, radiologists and emergency departments, the industry vendors, the patients and their family members, the instructors o r directors of the radiology broadcasts, the insurance companies, the governmental and regulatory agencies and the accrediting agencies, if applicable. (American Society of Radiologic Technologists, 2007) The radiation team is perhaps the most integrated and interconnected team compared to other sections of the medical health interest. The realization of the need for team work in reducing confusion, promoting smoothness and harmony in the caution of the patient was realized long ago, however, it was not implemented fully in many medical and surgical areas. The results have shown lags or gaps in the treatment of fearfulness. Many of the current radiology departments have learned from the lessons of the past, and now term themselves as the radiology team who take safekeeping of the patient through all the stages of the radiotherapy treatment. (Kaprich, 2003) This has led to not only improvement in the precaution of the patients, but likewise in the infirmary worry and organizat ion matters as well as job satisfaction levels. The level of communication in the midst of the different contributors of the department has improved and in that locationfore, shows a much prompt and informed response in the dole out of various patients. (Kaprich, 2003)Radiation Therapists Advancement of technology has given professionals access to different methods that enable the correct assignment and location of cancer cells which are the specific targets of the ionizing energy of radiation and preventing tissue cell damage. With this directed and controlled use of radiation, there is a reduced manifestation of side effects due to the treatment patients find out, and there is an expedited recovery of patients. (M.D Anderson Cancer Center, 2007) Together with the doctor, a radiation therapist is amenable for the patients familiarization of the radiation treatment procedure. This will leave behind the patient to become aware of the possible problems that may arise and to an swer any reservations that the patient may have. Therefore, a radiation therapist is expected to be present throughout the treatment stop.Nurses in Radiation Oncology The inclusion of nurses in this field of radiation oncology is fairly recent. However, this has now become an integrated and competent pseudo in the caring of cancer patients in the radiology department. The role of nurses have evolved in this field, as many of them have been tasked to carry out many of the advanced procedures in the treatment process. Both pre artist and operative care are executed by these nurses, making them indispensable in the success of the patients recovery. Currently, the responsibilities given to the nursing staff include both basic and advanced tasks. The basic tasks include reproduction and caring of the patient with in the department and helping others in carrying out researches and other projects. Nurses work towards creating an environment both among themselves and among the different s taff members to create an open, friendly environment that ensures better outcomes.Along side, the nurses are responsible for their own education and growth within the field, and opportunities to increase and improve competencies within the staff. The nurses are therefore, working primarily in creating an environment that improves the patient care and outcomes, as well as improve the communication amongst the various contributors to the field. (Kaprich, 2003) In oncology, the roles of nurses in the treatment process is considered an integral part of the overall healthcare. The primary purpose of providing nursing care is to allow the patients to become independent through the development of their somatoge sort outic, psychical, and social abilities. It is significant in preserving, strengthening and protect health, and nursing patients and rehabilitating them (Basic Principles of Nursing ).Physicists in the Field of Radiation Therapy Another significant member of the team of profes sionals in radiation oncology are the physicists. This specialist is responsible for giving the patient optimum radiation therapy procedures that would ensure minimal health risks and maximum efficacy. payable to the delicate nature of their job, these physicists are expected to be high-pitchedly professional and equipped with the proper training in conducting their tasks. Part of the job that physicists have is that they should select the proper radiation instruments to be used, the budget preparation and the sequence of procedure execution. Due to this technical knowledge, physicists are important in identifying and rectifying problems that could possibly transpire.But this specialist is not confined in his technical role as his position requires that he collaborates with both oncologists and radiation therapists in determining the proper dosage, duration, timing, frequency and type of radiation therapy to be administered to a patient. Since the availability of x-rays, physicis ts have exploited this technology of medical imaging, which is vital to medical research advancement. constitutionalgoing research in optics, acoustics, electromagnetism, and particle and nuclear physics have led to an array of indispensable medical tools.Magnetic resonance images, CAT scans, PET scans, and various types of radiotherapy are among the physics-based devices that help doctors diagnose and treat ailments ranging from broken bones to cancer. Ultra tidy machines, for example, are made possible through our get a lineing of the physics of sound waves, and the prenatal images they produce are now so common that they are a cultural symbol of the joy of impending parenthood (Genetic radioactivity 2002). Cutting-edge techniques presented in the annual AAPM meeting scientific program will ultimately lead to tools as important to the medicine of tomorrow as x-ray and ultrasound images are today. (Asp et al, 1993) The use of ionizing radiation in the radiation field has led to many questions raised about the safety margins of these procedures. As stated before, there is a fine line of division between the therapeutic effects of radiation and the adverse effects of the radiotherapy. In this study, the role of dosimetrists is essential to delineate the amount of pane of glass undeniable for each case. Dosimetrists play a role in treatment planning, mould room technology, brachytherapy and squiffy source management, in-vivo dosimetry, quality control of equipment, and IT support. ( radiation syndrome Provision in England, 2006)Dosimetrists for Dose Determination A dosimetrist is actually responsible for the delivery of the proper dosage to be given to a patient. They are subordinates to doctors who work in slip away out communication with the patient as well as their families. The person who actually delivers the acid of radiation each day is known as dosimetrist. These work under the doctor or the oncologist and are in close communication with the patient as well as the family members of the patient. The radiation dose decided for a patient is given to him or her in divided portions. The session itself is a small one, but the radiation therapist is the one who delivers it and communicates any changes in the patient to the oncologist. Mental health Support for Cancer Patients Radiation therapy is a big step of treatment in cancer patients and therefore, their mental and natural state is a very important clue and guide to the selectivity of the case for the therapy. Such patients begin one of the most difficult incidents of their lives by opting for radiotherapy. In this regard, they need the proper guidance, support, help and boost to help them get through the different stages of radiation therapy, and to improve chances of recovery. In many of such hospitals, the support programs are available which work with various social services to provide such cases with any required in composition they need. There are many things the patients bear with in this event. They either may undergo external radiation therapy treatment or an internal radiation treatment. In external radiation therapy, the patients are called to the radiation center 5 times a week and radiation is given to them. The two days off from radiation helps the normal cells to recuperate from the damage of the radiation procedure. Patients after changing in hospital robes are asked to enter the radiation room curiously intentional for the purpose. After instructing the patient the proper position, the radiotherapist proceeds to his proper location where he would execute his task. The patient is asked to remain in a the said position where he is to receive a fixed radiation dose to the tumor affected area. After the completion of the session, the patient is then directed to leave and at be given to normal daily matters. Patients in these stages undergo immense psychological as well as physical stress for which it is advised that they rest mor e to help the body restore itself in the normal manner.Since drop-off and anxiety are two most common features, the patients are advised to take part in activities that boost their morale and help them feel good about themselves. The support teams in this regard concentrate on on providing and guiding patients to a good sustentation plan, to aid in better recovery from illness. nausea is also among the problems that patients encounter but these can be easily handled through medication prescribed by your oncologist. Hair falling is another issue that usually resolves once chemotherapy is over. In summary, the radiation procedure is especially taxing for the patient who may need immense support and care at this crucial time, which becomes the accountability of the family as well as the radiology team. (WebMD, 2007) intragroup Radiation Therapy essential radiation therapy is another support option chosen by the oncologist in the treatment plan of many cancer patients. The high dose rate radiation therapy is a type of this internal radiation therapy where radioactive source is removed between treatments. In this case, the source of radiation is placed in direct proximity to the cancer area and is utilise with small sophisticated machinery. This is in contrast to the use of heavy extensive radiation and machinery that is used in external radiation procedures.The substances used in these instances include iodine, cesium, iridium, phosphorus and palladium etc. This treatment has been given many names and is also known as brachytherapy, implant radiation therapy, interstitial, intracavitary or passage radiation. Internal radiation therapy however is a procedure that requires hospital care and attention, as well as isolation, for in this therapy other people may get exposed to high radiation levels. Therefore, many cases of these may keep the patients for a day or two, during which the affect of the radiation substance would have worn off, and become useless. (Cancer Source, 2007) It is important that once radiation therapy is carried out, the patient is seen and advised further about the future therapies or treatments. This is an essential part of the treatment modality. Mostly prior to the radiation therapy, the oncologist and the radiation therapist carry out the discussion about the possible side effects of the therapy and what a patient may expect afterwards. The doctor emphasizes the need of get hitched with up care and the role of the patient to show up in time. These include many procedures, including fixing medical checkups, screening and diagnostic procedures, endoscopy, blood work etc. All these help the clinician check on the health of the patient and the recovery status, and whether any complication is arising. The patients are asked about the status of their health and any signs and symptoms that the patient may be feeling.Patient is asked about pain, or any physical difficulty creation experienced in daily routine. He o r she is asked frequently about any medications, supplements and the dietary habits he or she is conducting. Emotional issues and problems as well as family histories are also taken into account in these visits. Such patients may be called after two months of the radiotherapy, and then asked about the status and any necessary investigations may be carried out. These visits may be tapered down to once a year if the prognosis is good and the patient is recovering successfully. The patients are however, asked to maintain the record of their illness and all of the treatment modalities carried out including medications and previous test results for future references. (theme Cancer Institute, 2007)Effect of Radiotherapy on Nutritional State of Cancer Patients Nutrition is a very important aspect in proceeding with the treatment. There are soon many studies conducted in determining the proper nutrition a cancer patient must receive. This is due to the fact that cancer treatments cause hig h energy expenditure among patients, leaving then in nutritional deficiency as they undergo radiation therapy. Several factors contribute to this problem. First is the fatigue that develops as a result of the treatment, which takes away the ability of the patient to take balanced nutrition.Second is the lack of hunger in such patients and third is the increased vomiting and nausea that these patients encounter during the treatment phase. In all these scenarios, the net result is the reduction in the nutritional capacity of the patients. This is especially true for patients who have cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, defile or the gastrointestinal tract. Dietary and/or external supplementary nutritional sources are extremely important in such cases. Isenring, Capra and Bauer in 2004, claimed that nutritional therapy is an essential feature of the patient recovery plan in cancer radiotherapy. (Isenring et al, 2004) Researches conducted reveal the negative impact of radiation therap y on the patients nutritional health. There are obvious evidences that nutritional deficiencies are common to cancer patients, especially those suffering from cancer of the GI tract. Due to the imbalance between food intake and energy loss, malnutrition is inevitable. Most patients suffer from malnutrition in the radiation phase, because of this many hospitals now recommend that a compulsory health program be imposed on patients to ensure the proper provision of their nutrition. There are different claims as how to properly design these programs. whatever signal that amino acids and essential fatty acids are important in increasing bodys defenses and to improve patient recovery. A reduced fat diet, live yoghurt and fermented milk product use are now one of the most important components in the cancer nutrition plan. (Internet Health Library, 2007) Studies indicate the biggest danger due to malnutrition is the intense weight loss that the patient suffers from, which can lead to incr eased morbidity and mortality rates, reduction of the bodys defense systems and increased possibility of the return of the cancer, should any remaining cancerous tissue remains. slice initial weight loss is of no serious consequence, continued weight reduction is a sign of concern. For many of the symptoms that the patient encounters, the options are presented for the specific issue. For example, mouth dryness is a common problem for the cancer patients. This increases their chances of oral infections, and therefore, patients are advised to chew on sugarless gums, increased intake of water, and using high moisture foods and fruits.Patients are advised to take small but frequent meals that are low on fat, to aid in digestion. Appetite stimulants are another good method of improving diet and inclination in such patients. Iron supplementation is advised to counter the effects of anemia, exercise may help in dealing with changes like menopausal states which cannot be given estrogen th erapies. Patients in cancer cases tend to opt for more supplements and become less careful about the food that they eat. This should be the other way round, for natural food is the best nutritional supplement and helps in recovery riotouser. Fruits and vegetables are a high source of vitamins and minerals and can help in the recovery of the patients appetites. (Cancer ledger for Clinician, 2001)Physical and Mental Health upkeep As stated before, the cancer therapy is an intensely physically as well as emotionally demanding phase of treatment to a patient. In such circumstances, the need is for intense emotional support and encouragement. It is estimated that up to 40% of the patients may experience immense emotional distress during the cancer treatment, and therefore identification with proper focus and guidance is very important for such cases. (Sollner et al, 2001) The problem lies in the correct identification of the cases undergoing distress and to understand the severity of the issue before hand. Many of the oncologists however, are unable to identify cases of distress which may cause complications at a later date. (Sollner et al, 2001) It is very important that oncologists are able to identify such cases and work accordingly for the benefit of the patient. Many social support groups are available in the hospitals that aim to help and guide the patients as well as their families to better radiotherapy experience. The concept of hospice has been indeed one of the methods with which care can be given to patients undergoing therapy. Somewhat of a recent concept in oncology care, hospice care has fast become a popular method among the patients. While hospice care is a good method, there are only three percent of the total cancer patients in a hospital that undergo radiation therapy. The issues here are different as the approvals for radiation are hard to get for the patient. Most of the hospice patients are senior age individuals with a mean age of 63 yea rs admitted in the UK hospitals. (Lutz, Ashworth and Connor, 2005) The use of hospice care therefore becomes a complicated issue when decision to conduct radiotherapy for such individuals is considered. Many of the patients in this regard are actually cases of terminal cancer who need palliative care through radiotherapy. It is important to address the need of the dying patients and to provide them with the necessary care to help them get through the process with as minimum pain as possible. (Lutz, Ashworth and Connor, 2005) Usually there are three kinds of patients that undergo hospice care during radiotherapy. The first are those patients who do not have any one to take care of them during their radiotherapy session, and therefore the hospital provides it to them. The second are the patients who do not forgo the hospital admission, and third are those who are getting parenteral and tube nutrition, radiotherapy and chemotherapy and are getting transfusions. (Lorenz et al, 2004) In many of such cases the patients may have difficulty getting admission in the hospitals, despite falling into one of the supra three categories. Access in such cases needs to be made smoother for the patients. (Lorenz et al, 2004) Current hospices are now a combination of inpatient and home care services. In the past this was not the case. Hospices and palliative care were considered a separate department and were accordingly handled. The development in this area has led to newfangled hospices with a home like feel for the patients to help them recover and feel psychologically better. It is to remember that hospice care in many patients is essentially palliative care, and includes symptom control, effective communication between patients and the doctors, rehabilitation and continuance of care, terminal care, support provision in bereavement, education and research.(Neill and Fallon, 1997) In other words current hospice is a refuge, a recuperant and an area of research all combined. Palliative care is again the domain of specialists in oncology and in other disciplines so as to give the best care there is possible to the patient. In cancer terminal patients, many efforts are carried out to make the stay of the patient more comfortable. After thorough evaluation and identifying the cause of pain in such patients, the administration of analgesics is undertaken. While primary drugs remain the same during the course of the treatment, the secondary drugs or the adjuvant drugs are added as the case may need. These may include some other drugs depending on the patient symptoms such as steroids, anti inflammatories, antidepressants, anti convulsants, and anti jerky drugs. Issues of tolerance and toxicity are taken very seriously and patient progress in this regard is taken under constant observation. (Neill and Fallon, 1997) There are many reasons cited by the patients about their preference of hospice care to home care. These include high professional care, easy to communicate and clarify issues of health and cancer stages, ease in the visitation in between the radiotherapy sessions with ample time for rest, and provision of support to the patient as well as the family members in the hospital settings. Such patients were satisfied about the exclusive team of care givers in the radiotherapy department, and a faculty that focuses on cancer patients only. However, areas of dissatisfaction among the patients include the problems encountered with the radiation units and machines, daily lack of communication between the various members of the staff trail to problems in care provision, and problems in transporting patients from one department to the next. (Gavin et al, 2002)CONCLUSIONS Radiotherapy is a field of intensive research and activity and is undergoing many changes and developments. Now there is a shift and interest from the conventional external beam radiotherapy procedures and there is more tenseness on the use of fractionation doses ra ther than single ones. This is especially seen to be beneficial for cases of head and cut cancers and improve the prognosis of the patients, as well as give them ample time to recover during the procedures. Some of the rules however, follow. For example the dosage of radiation is decided depending upon the size of the tumor mass. The larger the mass, the more it must receive the dosage of the radiation. Other methods of providing doses include hyperfractionation, which is twice daily delivery of the radiation, the accelerated fractionation, which aims to decrease the treatment period and to prevent the tumor from regrowing.Some of the techniques employed that prove to have relatively positive impacts are the accompaniment boost technique, given once a day for three and a half weeks and twice a day in the final two week period, and the accelerated hyperfrationation, which combines the effects of both hyperfractionation and acclerated dosing. (Chow et al, 2001) Oxygenation of tumor is also considered for treatment. It has been established that oxygen has the ability to modify radiation damage, that in malignant tumors, both oxygenation and tumor cell proliferation determine local tumor management after radiotherapy. However, there are currently insufficient explanations in correlating oxygenation status and tumor cell kinetics (Nordsmark et al. 1996). But according to the Mayo Foundation for Medical reproduction and Research (2005), Oxygen therapy uses ozone or hydrogen peroxide to supposedly add extra oxygen to your body.Proponents call back cancer cells need a low-oxygen environment to survive, and that flooding your body with extra oxygen will stamp out cancer cells. Ozone gas can be mixed with water or air, and users usually drink or inhale the solution. It can also be injected into a muscle. Hydrogen peroxide is sometimes injected into a vein, though it can also be administered rectally. Oxygen therapy hasnt been studied in people. Hydrogen peroxide bu bbles in the blood can block blood flow and lead to death. An alternative cure or disease management for cancer patients is for them to undergo surgical procedures. This can be done for several reasons, it can be rubber or prophylactic, for diagnostic, staging, curative, and others. It is one of the oldest forms of cancer treatment that removes tumor and saves normal tissues (American Cancer Society 2007). Current treatment regimes are now utilizing the use of more sophisticated machinery that is able to specify the location of the tumor and provide therapy to that area only, so as to prevent damage to the normal tissues. The external beam therapy advancements are leading to improvements in the outcomes of the cancer patients and therefore is becoming a widely used procedure in cancer therapy. Internal radiation therapy is somewhat limited to the surgical procedures, where removal of the tumor is promptly followed by radiation therapy to ensure the removal of any viable cancer cell s. Cancer chemotherapy is advancing at a speedy rate and is now a need for the future. The increase in the rates of cancers worldwide has led to the formation of specified task forces aimed to identify the similarities of the problems faced by the patients, their families as well as the doctors in the care of such cases. With the increased length of the treatment with frequent recalls and visits, it is important that such treatments be carried out in coordination with the different members of the radiology team. The roles of the various team members are important and each has a very important role to contribute in the cancer care. The introduction of social programs is a very positive effort by the health care administrations which aim to educate and help the patients during the various phases of the cancer treatments. The understanding of the physical and emotional distress and needs of the patients and rectifying it helps to improve the outcomes many times and ensures the best of treatment provision. The role of nutrition as mentioned above is again a contributing factor in the rehabilitation of the patient and can help in speedier recovery. In short, radiotherapy is a major decision for a cancer patient which needs to be taken into account during all stages of the therapy with proper support and guidance for better outcomes.REFERENCESThe American Society of Radiologic Technologists. The Interdisciplinary Team in Radiological Technology . http//www.asrt.org/content/RecruitmentRetention/RetentionTools/Interdisciplinary_Team.aspxLloyd Asp, Morris Bank, Theodore Fields, William Hendee, Douglas Jones, Cohn Orton, Vincent Sampiere, George Starckschall, K. David Steidley and Bruce Thomadsen, 1993. The Role of a Physicist in Radiation Oncology. American Association of Physics in Medicine by the American Institute of Physics.Cancer Backup, 2005. Staff in Radiotherapy Department. site last accessed on November 7th, 2007 from http//www.cancerbackup.org.uk/Treatments/ Radiotherapy/Beingtreated/StaffCancer Source, 2007. Internal Radiation Therapy What to Expect. localise last accessed on November 8, 2007 from http//www.cancersource.com/CancerBasics/CancerTreatment/RadiationTherapy/45,25508-7Rachel H Chow, Kenneth M. Forster, Richard B Wilder, Micheal S Wong, 2001. Recent Advances in Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancers. ENT Journal. localize last accessed on November 7, 2007 from http//www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-80193510.htmlFlorida Health Care News, 2006. The Role of Radiation in Cancer Treatment. Site last accessed on November 7th, 2007 from www.floridacancerinstitute.usGavin KT, Brady M ,Hollywood D , Meagher E, OCathail S, Browne C, 2002. Radiotherapy Services Evaluation of Patient Preferences and Priorities. Site last accessed on November 8th, 2007 from http//www.isqua.org/isquaPages/Conferences/paris/ParisAbstractsSlides/Wednesday/A23b/pdf/383%20-%20Gavin.pdfNordsmark, M., Hoyer, M., Keller, J., Nielsen, O.S., Jensen, O.M., and Overgaa rd, J. 1996. The relationship between tumor oxygenation and cell proliferation in human soft tissue sarcomas. Elsevier. 135(4)701-8.Internet Health Library 2007. Health in Hospitals Radiotherapy. Site last accessed on November 8th, 2007 from http//www.internethealthlibrary.com/HealthinHospitals/RadioTherapy-Nutrition.htmE A Isenring, S Capra and J D Bauer, 2004. Nutrition Intervention is Beneficial in Oncology Outpatients Receiving Radiotherapy to the Gastrointestinal or Head and Neck Area. British Journal of Cancer, 91, 447-452Suz Kaprich, 2003. Radiology Nursing- Team Building. Nursing News Quaterly. Site last accessed on November 7, 2007 from http//www.uihealthcare.com/depts/nursing/ parole/nnq/may03_pg4.pdfKarl A Lorenz,Steven M Asch, Kenneth E. Rosenfeld, Hui Liu, and Susan L Ettner, 2004. Hospice Admission Practices Where Does Hospice Fit in the Continuum of Care? Journal of American gerontology Society, VOl. 52, No. 5, pp. 725-730Lutz, J. Ashworth, C. Spence and S. Connor, 20 05. The Use of Radiotherapy in Hospice Patients A Population Based Study From the National Hospice Outcomes Project. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2005, vol. 23 number 169, Part I of II.Martin H N Tattersall and Hilary Thomas, 1999. Recent Advances, Oncology. Clinical Review, BMJ 1999 318 445-448National Cancer Institute, 2007. Follow up Care After Cancer Treatment Questions and Answers. Site last accessed on November 7th, 2007 from http//www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Therapy/followupBill O Neill and Marie Fallon, 1997. ABC of Palliative Care Principals of Palliative Care and Pain Control. BMJ, 315 801-804 some the RCR. The Royal College of Radiologists. Site last accessed on December 7, 2007 from http//www.rcr.ac.uk/index.asp?PageID=9Basic Principles of Nursing Care in the Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia. Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia National Cancer Research Center. Site last accessed on December 7, 2007 from http//www.ncrc.ac.yu/onkoeng/prin cipi.htmlComplementary and alternative cancer treatment Get the facts 2005. Mayo Foundation for Medical fostering and Research. Site last accessed on December 7, 2007 from http//www.mayoclinic.com/health/cancer-treatment/CM00002Genetic radiotherapy, PET scans for animals, novel spinal surgery. Scienceblog. Site last accessed on December 7, 2007 from http//www.scienceblog.com/community/older/2002/B/2002681.htmlMedical Dosimetrists. University of Washington Medical Center. Site last accessed on December 7, 2007 from http//www.uwmedicine.org/PatientCare/MedicalSpecialties/SpecialtyCare/UWMEDICALCENTER/Cancer/SpecialtyServices/dosimetrists.htmNutrition During and After Cancer Treatment A incline for Informed Choices by Cancer Survivors. Cancer Journal for Clinicians 2001 51182-187Radiotherapy Provision in England. A Report from the National Radiotherapy Advisory Group-Workforce Subgroup, 2006. site last accessed on November 7th, 2007 from http//www.cancer.nhs.uk/documents/nrag_files/W orkforce%20sub%20group%20report%20-%20fin.pdfRadiography and Radiographers. captain Info from Radiographers.org. Site last accessed on December 7, 2007 from http//www.radiographers.org/professionalinfo/radiography_radiographers.htmRadiation Therapists. US Department of Labor means of Labor Statistics. Site last accessed on December 7, 2007 from http//www.bls.gov/oco/ocos299.htmSurgery. American Cancer Society 2007. Site last accessed on December 7, 2007 from http//www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_1_2X_Surgery.aspThe Role of Radiation Oncology in Cancer Treatment. MD Anderson Cancer Center. Site last accessed on November 7, 2007 from http//www.mdanderson.org/departments/andersonnet/display.cfm?id=BF82D669-17DA-11D5-811000508B603A14method=displayfullW Sollner, A DeVries, E Steixner, P Lukas, G Sprinzl, G Rumpold and S Maislinger, 2001. How Succesful are Oncologists in Identifying Patient Distress, Perceived Social Suport and Need for Psychosocial Counselling. British Journal o f Cancer, 2001 84, 179-185WebMD, 2007. Breast Cancer Radiation Therapy What to Expect. Site last accessed on November 7th, 2007 from http//www.webmd.com/breast-cancer/breast-cancer-radiation-therapy-what-expect

Government Branches Essay Example for Free

Government forkes EssayWhich break up of disposal do you think is the most properly and why? I believe the most powerful branch of government is the Legislative Branch, because of the power it processes to keep checks and balance on the different two branches of government. There argon two different houses in the legislative branch, the first is the house if introduceatives and the senate. The House of Repre directatives consists of 435 members elected from alone 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the United States territories. The states population determines the number of members elected from all(prenominal) state. There are 6 non-voting members that represent the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and four other territories of the United States. The senate consists of 100 members, two from each state. Members of the house are up for election or reelection every two year as opposed to the senate, which is every sixer years. Together they for m the congress of the United States of America. name 1 Section 8 lists the powers of congress. Some of the much important ones include the necessary and proper clause, the commerce clause, power to tax, power to spend, coin money, and ability to suck in money, these powers give congress the ability to make laws, buy and sell goods, control a national calculate and even borrow money from foreign countries. The necessary and proper clause is one of the most powerful in the Constitution. It allows congress to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution. This has been used for all types of federal official actions including the New Deal, McCulloch v. Maryland, integration in the states and in the federal kidnapping act. The power to tax and spend also gives congress an important power to control the federal budget, which includes Medicare, Medicate, Social Security, infrastructur e, government, agencies, and maybe the most important, the Defense budget.The House of Representatives is also given the power to impeach the President, immorality President, and all civil Officers of the United States. Impeachment is a formal process in which an official is accused of unconventional activity and the outcome of which, depending on the country, can lead to the removal of that official from office or other punishment. There is a two-step process in order to impeach an official. First The House judicatory Committee decides whether or not to proceed with impeachment. If they do, The Chairman of the Judiciary Committee go out propose a Resolution calling for the Judiciary Committee to begin a formal inquiry into the issue of impeachment. base on their inquiry, the Judiciary Committee will send another Resolution to the full House stating that impeachment is warranted and why (the Articles of Impeachment), or that impeachment is not called for. The Full House will deb ate and select on each Article of Impeachment. Should any one of the Articles of Impeachment be approved by a simple majority vote, the President will be impeached. However, being impeached is sort of like being indicted of a crime. There still has to be a trial, which is where the US Senate comes in. The Senate will meet in private session to debate a verdict. The Senate, in grant session, will vote on a verdict. A 2/3rds vote of the Senate will result in a conviction.The Legislative Branch is more powerful than both the decision maker Branch and the Judicial Branch because when it come down to the President voting on a piece of legislature or appointing a supreme court judge, congress has the last say. After a bill is passed by congress it is sent to the President for his vote. If the President vetos the bill congress is able with 2/3 vote able to overturn the Presidents decision. Under Article 2, Section 2, of the US Constitution provides that the President may ca-ca members of the Supreme Court, but that appointment only occurs with the advice and consent of the Senate. This means the Senate conducts an investigation of the candidates qualifications and personal background, determines whether he or she would adequately fulfill the role of Justice, then votes whether to approve or disapprove the nomination. In the end each branch is supposed to provide checks and balances for one another, but without the approval or money that congress controls, the Executive Branch and Judicial Branch would have a hard time operating.Sourceshttp//www.whitehouse.gov/our-government/legislative-branchhttp//www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/congpowers.htm http//usgovinfo.about.com/od/thepresidentandcabinet/a/impeachment.htmhttp//people.howstuffworks.com/supreme-court-appointment.htm/printable

Costa Coffee Essay Example for Free

costa Coffee EssayThe remote environment comprises factors that originate beyond and usually regardless and out of costa Coffees control. Economic factors Since costa Coffee is a multinational business, top-level managers mustiness consider the frugal situations on both the National (Egypt) and International levels. Currencies exchange rate (Forex) affects costa Coffees final products prices as well as operation costs. Costa Coffee imports high quality chocolate beans from rainforest farms where it births for in topical anaesthetic currency, and sells as coffee in a nonher country with its local country. Hence, when the Egyptian Pound depreciates, the cost of beans comparatively increases therefore, causing a fall in profit margin and vice versa. If depreciation is too much, accordingly Costa might increase its selling prices. Moreover, interest rate is vital for a business considering blowup as Costa Coffee. As interest rates increase, Costa Coffees ability and will ingness to disperse or open new branches decreases due to the high cost of capital. Furthermore, the stock market plays a squ ar role in encouraging investors to invest in Costa Coffee due to the increasing get and the right(a) reputation.Finally, high economic growth rate of a country leads people to increase their employment of Costa Coffees products since they have more income. Social Factors Egyptians culture and lifestyle has dramatically changed in the last 10 years. People are more willing to go to cafes for lunch, dinner or simply a snack. Considering the Egyptian demographics of lifestyle and age groups, most of the Egyptian population falls in the youth age group. Hence, Costa Coffee plays music and offers an atmosphere that is convenient for all ages with special attention to youth.Costa Coffee view the religion of each nation in which it operates. To clarify, Costa Coffee neither sells alcoholic drinks nor pork-containing food. In addition, Costa Coffees menu is wr itten in both English and Arabic languages. English is the most widely communicate language, and Egypt is known as a touristic attraction. Plus, Egyptians like to come across a menu written in their own language for simplicity and showing cultural respect. Also, many people nowadays are concerned with their health Costa Coffee is providing low-calorie food, a variety of fresh salads, sandwiches, and fresh fruit juice.Political Factors political rules and regulations could affect the firms suppliers and the price of the affectionate materials. Imposed taxes or tariffs on the imported coffee beans add to raw materials cost. Rules regarding social insurance add to labor costs. Political instability and strikes do affect labor and consumers of Costa Coffee. Technological Factors Advanced machines affect the firms performance and efficiency through producing tasty coffee as fast(a) as possible. High quality and speed of service affects customer satisfaction and loyalty.Costa Coffee uses highly advanced brewers and coffee makers for the best coffee cup. Besides, the use of the Internet to facilitate transactions between Costa and its suppliers lowers transaction costs and decreases lead time. As a result, stakeholders are more satisfied with increased salary and lower costs. Ecological Factors Costa Coffee uses recyclable paper bags and paper cups. And, it tries to reduce its energy utilization as steps towards a greener environment. It also ensures adherence to responsible farming practices, so that natural habitats are protected thereby reducing deforestation and carbon emissions.Furthermore, Costa is working to deliver green (LEED) certificate for new stores beginning later this year and is working closely with its suppliers to develop more environmentally sociable packaging. Industry Environment Operating Environment A firms operating environment is cogitate to environmental factors that directly affect the firm and its success in obtaining necessary r esources. Yet, they are still factors beyond its area of control. 1. Competitors Costa coffee in Egypt faces high direct competition where around almost all corner in the cities, a coffee shop exists.Therefore, product differentiation is a must, and persistent high-quality is the course to keeping customers. Whichever Costa Coffee shop you enter, you are greeted the same, indulge in the same taste and pay what you see in the menu. Menu prices are tax inclusive which is different than most of other coffee shops. Competitors include, but are not limited to, Starbucks Coffee, Cilantro and Beanos cafe. Creditors Costas recent payment records and working capital position are the main attributes affecting creditors decisions. Considering the Egyptian markets, banks are not rare to find.Costa might be dealing with several(prenominal) banks, and may be granted loans from several areas. Hence, creditors have little leverage since interest rates are controlled by central bank of Egypt as w ell. Customers Costa coffee is a service firm. Therefore, its utmost goal is customer satisfaction and loyalty to outlet profits. Constantly monitoring Egypts demographics is essential in keeping a convenient atmosphere. For instance, Costa must always recognise what the youth are listening to these days to be able to play the best collection of songs in its branches while abiding by the brands image.Accessibility of location and place spaces are of the main issues regarded by people when deciding on their hang-outs. And, the customer buyer behaviour of whether they pick out more salads and sandwiches rather than desserts affects how much of each should be available at Costas branches. perseverance Costas reputation and image is kept through its workers. Costa has to respect labor rights curiously now that people are more aware of the rights than ever before. Also, Costa has to be selective in its waiters and baristas to keep the brands image and reputation.As a result of Cost as reputation, highly-qualified workers assume for jobs at Costa Coffee. Suppliers Supplier relationships are as important as customer relationships. A good supplier relationships decreases yield time and enhances firms productivity. In Costas case, supplier power is not high as Costa has multiple suppliers, with low switching costs. However, supplier relationships are well-attended to at Costa Coffee as part of its social responsibility towards coffee-growing countries.